Gambling Regulations among Different Sports Organizations Essay

Gambling Regulations among Different Sports Organizations - Essay Example Gambling has strong roots in the history as it could be found among the emperors of china 6000 years ago and common people who made betting their habit. Anthropologists have found evidences which prove gambling in the dark ages. Dice more than 4,000 years old have been discovered inside the Egyptian pyramids. Horse racing is more than 2,000 years old. The Christian bible contains a number of references of gambling which includes the roman soldiers "casting lots" (probably stones or shells) to divide up Jesus' clothes after his crucifixion. Nowadays the betting on sports is very common amongst the sports fans of all classes and nationality. Sport betting is generally the activity of predicting the results of a sports event by making a wager on the outcome of a sporting event. This kind of gambling is permitted in most of the civilized countries such as UK and USA. In United States, the professional and amateur sports protection act of 1994 has made betting and gambling illegal except for the states of Nevada, Oregon and Delaware. Despite of gambling's practice and long history, gambling is often considered a controversial issue with strong advocates on both sides. Legalized gambling authorities argue that for most people it is a harmless diversion which makes individuals, free to spend their money as they wish. The most common arguments are related to economic benefits, especially in poorer communities that use gambling to attract investments and jobs. Civilized cities and states can use legalized gambling to generate tax revenue that supports specific public services, such as education. Supporting jury of the fact, also argues that gambling attracts tourism, and that restrictions simply divert the potential tax revenues to illegal gambling operations where the practice is legal. According to the research, gamblers sometime turn to criminal and non ethical activities to support their habits. Violent crime rates can also rise in some cases when gambling is legalized. Corruption of government and law enforcement officials is another issue associated with gambling. The gambling industry often contributes heavily to political campaigns in the hopes of influencing legislation and expanding operations in those areas. Every issue has some pros & cons. some of the pros comprise that due to gambling a vital contribution of tax is generated for the national exchequer. If a state does not allow gambling then people may go else where, many people go to Las Vegas each year. New casinos are 'democratic'. The wealthy and aristocratic have always been able to gamble in exclusive clubs and casinos. Why not let ordinary people enjoy the same freedom. As per for the cons, new casinos are dragging people into addiction. Damage done to individuals and families by gambling addiction is catastrophic. Lives are ruined; everything possible should be done to discourage such a dangerous habit. there are many outlets already (some would argue too many) for people who like to bet - from betting shops on high streets to the national lottery and the football pools. Gaming is morally wrong and saps ambition. When gambling and money come to a sport, it ruins the glory and passion. When

The marketing strategies of louis vuitton Research Paper

The marketing strategies of louis vuitton - Research Paper Example In addition, the motivation of its employees can be considered a marketing strategy of this company because of the fact that these employees provide such great services to the customers that the latter are encouraged to return to the Vuitton stores (Christensen et al 38). The management at Louis Vuitton has created a relaxed environment and it is a fact that most of the time, the managers are indistinguishable from the other employees because they do not simply give orders to their subordinates, but they also accept feedback from them and are ready to get alternatives to their decisions. This helps to show that although they have managers, the employee teams at Louis Vuitton are obviously in their later stages of development and are very comfortable outside their predefined roles, displaying high levels of motivation. The management has come to the realization that any attempt to put any verbal barriers between themselves and their employees ensures that employees have the freedom to interact with the customers so that they can efficiently serve them. The marketing of the Louis Vuitton products is not only being done at a local level, its marketing campaigns are also conducted at a regional, national, and international level. This has been found to be the best way to ensure that these products reach a wider audience than they would normally have if marketing were done at only the local level. The professionalism of the marketing staff at Louis Vuitton has enabled it to compete against other organizations effectively attempting to market similar products and in fact, it has developed an edge over them in the market. Louis Vuitton always aims at being the best in the marketing of its products so that the relatively low level of its competitors in the marketing business has worked towards showing that this company has the top quality of work that is done within it. The marketing of the Louis Vuitton products tends to be done using all the media available, both vis ual and print, to ensure that a much wider audience is reached than anticipated (Wang and Lin 401). This has worked towards guaranteeing the success of this company’s product within the market for a long time since the marketing strategy adopted has been one that retains the attention of its audience. One of the best means through which the Louis Vuitton products are marketed is online since there are billions of users of the internet who are often a ready audience. Because the internet is a leading tool in marketing, this is where most companies and other institutions go to when they need to acquire products for the use of their clients, and Louis Vuitton has not been left out of this marketing strategy. Marketing online has ensured that the clients of this company stay up to date with the current product so that they are able to get the best out of it. One of the marketing strategies that have been adopted by Louis Vuitton has been the use of customer relationship marketing

Trial the development of Joe Keller Essay Example for Free

Trial the development of Joe Keller Essay The audiences sympathy for Joe Keller oscillates throughout the play. Ranging from deep compassion to undisputed rage, the audience has plenty of time to view Joe Kellers development as the central character of the novel. His emotional growth from beginning to end facilitates the empathy that the audience shows; hence, Miller uses Keller as a character in order to build up the compassionate side of the audience in order to assemble a fabricated and well thought out character. Firstly, Keller tries to change Annes mind with respect to Stephen, and goes about it in a calm and relaxed manner. He mentions, I want him [Stephen] to know, Annie while hes sitting there I want him to know that when he gets out hes got a place waitin for him. His use of ellipsis is ambivalent, on one hand, it could signify the deep emotion that Keller feels towards Stephen, but on the other hand, another concealed meaning could be that Joe is thinking about what he is saying, and therefore does not want to say anything wrong, and consequently has something to hide, giving him a more ominous figure. However, the repetition of he and him shows how sympathetic he feels towards the incarcerated man, hence giving the audience the impression that Joe Keller has emotions and can therefore be sympathised with. Subsequently, Miller also casually slips in phrases that Keller says in casual conversation that show how passionate and considerate Keller is towards his family. When speaking to Anne about Stephen, he says, with a commanding outburst in high nervousness that A father is a father! This shows how important family is to Keller, however, the commanding outburst and nervousness also suggests that Keller has a hidden motive, and Chris presence may have influenced his body language, which suggests that Keller has done something wrong to be able to lose his son. This plays on the audiences sympathy positively, because the audience can empathise with Kellers love for his family and recognize his individual situation. Thirdly, Keller suggests that Stephen is a helpless coward in a conversation with his son, George, and offensively gives numerous examples in his defence. Keller mentions that Stephen damn near blew us all up with that heater he left burning for two days without water. Emotive words such as damn, blew and burning all have negative implications, giving the impression that Keller was the brains behind the business. The fact that Keller was also driving in, but restrained suggests that he wants to inflict his own ideas and beliefs onto George, but knows that he must restrain himself, giving the same implication that Keller has something to hide. However, this could also be considered as a defensive, rather than an offensive conversation, as George uses a rather accusational tone towards Keller and is studying him thoroughly. Finally, Chris holds great admiration for Keller, but is destroyed once he learns of his fathers terrible secret. When the realisation finally hits, Chris stutters in a broken whisper, Then you did it? The ellipsis shows the amount of thought that went into the phrase, suggesting that he doesnt want his father to be guilty but at the same time, wants to find out the truth. Keller begins to become afraid of him, [with] his deadly insistence suggesting that his son is his biggest asset but also his biggest downfall. This also shows, once again, that nothing is bigger than family to Keller. This conflict of ideologies, Chris with his morals and ethics, and Keller with his persistent cherishing of his family no matter what the cost, creates a disequilibrium within the play. At this point, the audience begins to sympathise with Chris rather than Keller, which diminishes Millers slow build up of Kellers respectability, providing more of a tragic ending to Keller. However, this tragic ending can also be interpreted as a chance to further sympathise with Joe, as his world comes crashing down around him. Ultimately, Keller commits suicide at the end of the novel, resulting in the tragic downfall of Keller. He says, I think to him they were all my sons. This line shows the realisation of his wrongdoings. His morals and ethics are finally shown, as he stares blankly into the piece of paper in his hand. His suicide could represent Keller as taking his responsibilities rather than hiding from them, however, it could also suggest that Keller was a coward and he was merely running away from the problems that he was to face if he did not accept his offences. Evidently, his defensive stance when talking to George, his conflict of beliefs with his son, and his ultimate sacrifice all have a large part to play in Millers manipulation of the audiences sympathy. Keller was a coward and used scapegoats or escapism to run away from his problems, giving the ultimate impression to the audience that Keller as a human is not to be sympathised with. However, his growth as a character and his self-understanding both provide a suitable route to empathise with him, truly showing that the audience can choose whichever interpretation they prefer.

Body Image and Eating Disorders: Country Comparison

Body Image and Eating Disorders: Country Comparison Management of Personal Lifestyles Eating Disorders: USA vs. Singapore Yeo Zi Li Jodie Eating disorders are psychological conditions defined by abnormal and unhealthy eating habits involving insufficient or excessive food intakes that affect a person’s physical and mental health. People suffering from eating disorders are often preoccupied with their physique and weight. The main types of eating disorders are Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa is a psychological illness whereby patients don’t â€Å"lose† interest in food but instead intentionally restrict their food intake because of the fear of being fat or gaining weight. A person with anorexia disorder may be underweight, but still has intense fear of putting on weight. They may purposely count calorie intakes for every meal to an excessive extent, over-exercising, use laxatives and other methods to get leaner. On the other hand, Bulimia Nervosa is binge eating on food and losing control over food intakes. It involves eating large amounts of food over a short amount of time. Feeling of guilt and shame will follow such binge, resulting in compensating actions such as self-inducing vomiting, over-exercising, not eating, and abusing diuretics, enemas or laxatives. Similar to many other psychological illnesses, Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa are complex, multi-layered disorders that arise from various psychological, mental and emotional concerns that vary with individuals. There are many issues that have been observed leading to eating disorders, but a more prominent reason is due to the ideal body image portrayed and promoted by media which contributes largely to eating disorders among youths. Eating disorders are so common in America, 1 or 2 out of every 100 students struggle with it (â€Å"Eating Disorders†). Figure 1: Seventeen Cover Page Source: Nina Figure 2: VS Love My Body Campaign Source: Parrott Figure 3: VS The Perfect Body Campaign Source: â€Å"Victoria† Statistics in America shows that the ideal body type portrayed in the media is possessed naturally only by 5% of American females. Report shows 47% of girls in 5th-12th grade wanting to lose weight after seeing magazine pictures, and 69% of girls in the same age group reporting that these magazine pictures influenced their idea of a perfect body shape (â€Å"Eating Disorders Statistics†). In America, beauty is portrayed as slim but with a great figure, as shown in Victoria’s Secret’s Campaign. However, media fails to portray that a size 10 can be equally hot as size 6 and beauty is not just about being thin. An Asian body structure is naturally petite as compared to a Western body structure; it is easier for Asians to reach the ideal body image portrayed by the media, which results in a higher rate of eating disorders in America as compared to Singapore. Eating disorders have been regarded particularly to Western society previously; however, they have now become a more global issue with a rising rate of eating disorders cases seen in Asian countries such as Singapore, Japan, Korea, and China (Chisuwa). The ideal body standard not only affects the West, it is increasingly seen in Singapore. In comparison of statistic between Singapore and America, Singapore shows a rough estimation that 80 thousand Singaporeans suffers from eating disorders out of a total population of four million, whereas in USA, 5 million people suffer from eating disorders out of a population of 293 million (â€Å"Statistics†). According to reports from the Singapore General Hospital, more teenagers as young as 13, are being treated at public hospitals for eating disorders. Figures show an increase from 65 cases in 2011, to 75 cases in 2012 and 95 cases in 2013 (Tan). Figure 4: SHAPE Magazine Singapore Source: â€Å"SHAPE† Figure 5: Her World Magazine Singapore Source: â€Å"Her† Similar how magazines in both Singapore and America portray â€Å"fit† with cover girls that are slim and the choice of words used in the front page. It influence consumers’ idea of beautiful being having the ideal shape, or body just like a magazine cover girl. In an interview I conducted with 50 physically fit looking teens and 50 working-class women, the top physical insecurities felt are feeling fat or chubby around their tummy, thighs and arm areas, others mentioned their body physique like having a smaller/larger chest, or too broad shoulders, or not being satisfied with their facial structure. Some commented on avoiding sleeveless tops, white shirts or wearing longer skirts or pants to hide their insecurities. They also talked about how they would try controlling their diets to â€Å"not gain weight† by limiting their food intakes or skipping meals occasionally. Some said the numbers on the weighing machine impacts their perception of how â€Å"fat† they are and they will eat lesser to maintain or achieve a certain targeted weight. When shown a magazine cover page (See Fig. 4), 70% of teens admitted on being envious of the figure and wanting to lose weight to achieve it, while the rest said that it is photo-shopped and i t doesn’t affect them. 40% of the working-class women desire that figure portrayed on the cover page and wants to achieve it, while the rest said it doesn’t appeal to them (See Fig. 6) Figure 6: Ideal Body based on cover girl survey chart In a pilot study conducted with 26 female medical students in Singapore, 58% reported feeling moderately or very fat, despite a mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 18.7. An alarming figure of four out of the 10 with BMI below 18 reported feeling very fat. A study conducted with Singapore Chinese school girls with an average age of 16.5 years, 56% of them felt overweight even with a mean BMI of 18.89 (Ung). Asians have a smaller body structure and framework thus comparing to American, there’s a difference between the Body Mass Index (BMI). For Asians, a BMI that is 24 or higher is considered overweightand obesity, a BMI of 28 or higher (â€Å"Ethnic†). For Americans, a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight and 30 or higher is considered to be obese (â€Å"Defining†). The idea of skinny-bony body structure being beautiful is often termed as â€Å"à ©Ã‚ ªÃ‚ ¨Ãƒ ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã… ¸Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¾Ã… ½Ã¢â‚¬  (gu-gan-mei) in the Asian culture, whereby you can easily see a person’s bone structure – protruding collar-bones, hip bones. That’s the idea of beauty because it looks sexy. Both Asian and American have this idea of how sexiness and beauty looks like – that you have to be skinny to be pretty. Figure 7: Bony Asian Artiste Source: SinaFigure 8: Ideal bony structure Source: Pinterest Models must be of a certain body frame and below certain weight in order to be called models. A friend of mine, who’s recovering from Anorexia, was rejected from a clothing line modelling audition and told harshly that she’s â€Å"too fat†. When in fact, the judge could have easily told her that her body type is not what they are looking for, instead of using words like â€Å"too fat†, which seriously hurts a person’s self-esteem and digs into that insecurity furthermore. Not only women, men suffer from eating disorders too. However, they are less likely to seek medical treatment because of the perception that eating disorders are a â€Å"women disease†. In America, an estimation of 10% to 15% of people with eating disorders is male. In Singapore, about 20 per cent of people who seek help for eating disorders are males. A data analysis report shows that in between 2003 to 2012, there were 72 cases of men suffering from an eating disorder and seeking help at the Eating Disorders Clinic at Singapore General Hospital. The average age was 19.9 years (â€Å"The†). To conclude, even though majority of people suffering from eating disorders are women, there is an increasing rate of male patients as well. United States, in comparison with Singapore, have a larger amount of people developing eating disorders and media is a large medium for such influence on youths and adults. I can conclude from the interview that many are affected by the media’s portrayal of an ideal body, but American society being more liberal, are more exposed and marketed to such body ideals due to easy accessibility with public broadcast media like VS models runway shows and magazine cover pages. In comparison, Singapore has more censorship in the media. Works Cited Chisuwa, Naomi, and Jennifer A. ODea. Body Image and Eating Disorders amongst Japanese Adolescents. A Review of the Literature.Body Image and Eating Disorders amongst Japanese Adolescents. A Review of the Literature(n.d.): 6. Web. 17 Jan. 2015. Defining Overweight and Obesity.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2015. Digital image.Pinterest. N.p., n.d. Web. Digital image.Sina.com.cn. Sina Corporation, n.d. Web. Eating Disorders Statistics.National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders. National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2015. Eating Disorders.KidsHealth. Ed. Michelle New. The Nemours Foundation, 01 Jan. 2011. Web. 17 Jan. 2015. Ethnic Differences in BMI and Disease Risk.Ethnic Differences in BMI and Disease Risk. Harvard School of Public Health, 20 Oct. 2012. Web. 17 Jan. 2015 Her World Singapore.Her World Singapore. Singapore Press Holdings, n.d. Web. â€Å"Nina Dobrev on the cover†.Digital Image. Seventeen. Hearst Communications, Inc., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2015. Parrott, Lauren. Real Beauty vs. Love My Body.Real Beauty vs. Love My Body. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2015. SHAPE Magazine Singapore.SHAPE Magazine Singapore. Singapore Press Holdings, n.d. Web. Statistics by Country for Eating Disorders.RightDiagnosis. HealthGrades, n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2015. Tan, Rachel. More Youngsters Diagnosed with Eating Disorders.The Straits Times. Singapore Press Holdings, 13 Oct. 2013. Web. 17 Jan. 20015. The Men Do Get It: Eating Disorders In Males – An Asian Perspective.†Aseanjournalofpsychiatry.org. Asean Journal of Psychiatry, n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2015. Ung, Eng Khean.Eating Disorder. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2015. Victorias Secret Perfect Body Campaign Sparks Backlash.New York Post. FOX News, n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2015. 1

China :: essays research papers

China China is a land of beauty and fascination that tempts travelers from all over the world. It is a massive country, covering 6,000,000 square miles and spanning 60 longitudinal degrees. It has large variety of people, natural landscape,a brilliant history and a culture with fascinating destinations that visitors attends to be amazed. China, represents one of the earliest civilizations in the world, has a recorded history of about 3,600 years. It possesses rich historical documents as well as ancient relics. It is the inventor of compass, paper-making, gunpowder and printing. The Great Wall, Grand Canal and Karez irrigation system are three great ancient engineering projects built 2,000 years ago. Now they are the symbols of the rich culture of the Chinese nation. Like other nations, China, in its development, passed through the stages of primitive society, slave society, and feudal society. During the middle decades of the 19th century, capitalist forces of foreign countries invaded China, and China was slowly transformed into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The founding of the People's Republic in 1949 marked China's entry into the socialist stage. During the long period of historical development, the industrious, courageous, and intelligent Chinese people of all nationalities collectively created a great civilization, and made a great contribution to all of mankind For the first time in decades a Chinese government was met with peace, instead of massive military opposition, within it’s territory. However, it wasn’t like that for long, in the first half of the 20th century, China was beset by major famines, civil unrest, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the communists under MAO Zedong established a dictatorship that, while ensureing China’s sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. This new leadership was highly disciplined and, having a decade of wartime administrative experience to draw on, was able to embark on a program of national integration and reform. In the first year of Communist administration, moderate social and economic policies were implemented with skill and effectiveness.

All About Eve :: essays research papers

All About Eve   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eve is a character which represents personal ambition and manipulation. The character is a person who is willing to do anything necessary to get what she wants and has, apparently, no remorse or feelings of guilt for her actions. Watching this movie I saw that All About Eve was also all about me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In watching this movie I personally saw Eve of a sort of mirror to my own manipulative tendencies. As I watched how carefully the character chose her words, and moved in a certain way in order to obtain precisely the reaction desired for those around her. I thought of how often I have done the same things myself. I thought of how often I have carefully selected what I told others about me in order to create a certain desired image of myself. It made me conscience of the fact that I have, on countless occasions manipulated people for my own benefit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It drew my thoughts back in a tour of my past and brought forth a multi-tude of times in which I behaved much as the character Eve did. I remember acting in such a way even when I was as young as six. Until I watched this movie I had never consciously realized that I do these things to get what I want. But now, after observing such a wonderfully carried out portal of someone else discreetly controlling others, I realize that I do this quite naturally as a part of my everyday life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As I see it the character of Eve represents myself and the dangers of what I could become if I should permit myself to continue these practices. I believe that the character of Eve is intended to show viewers of the audience, who re-semble her, a mirror of themselves, so they can see how they look from the out-side. It is advantageous to do this through the medium of a film because it al-lows the viewer to see the point from a more objective view then may be pro-vided through other means. I think that this movie is one which will have a ex-tremely powerful effect on such people. It made me realize that this way of con-trolling others is not a natural part of life in general though it has become a natural part of my life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eve represents, to me, what I could become.

Independant Study Program Essay

It is not the pedigree or the school that is the mark of success but rather the ability of an individual to use the training and the education. This is something that I have always believed all my life. I have never been intimidated by those who come from private schools and neither have I been intimidated by those who go to conventional high schools. I have been firm in my belief that there is so much more that I can gain from an independent study program. The best education is one that is flexible and can adapt to the necessities of today’s world. Oftentimes, education in conventional high schools is strict and rigid. There is no room for creativity and very little room for self-discovery as one is limited by the confines of the classroom. This limitation stifles one’s personal intellectual and psychological growth not to mention the contamination that comes from other sources a child is exposed to. There is no room for growth over and above what is uttered by teachers and instructors who are not so much motivated by the child’s educational development as they are by their next paycheck. This is the advantage that an independent study program provides. It is flexible enough to adjust to the needs of the student. It also allows those who are fast paced to explore other avenues that they wish to explore and learn about. It allows talented individuals to push the limits of their talents and fully achieve their potential. The manner by which independent study programs allow students to tailor fit their study programs is a definite advantage because it allows them to grow at a pace that is more comfortable to them. An education is something that is not fixed. It is not something that is forced on anyone. It is a partnership, a relationship between the teacher and the student that comes from an understanding of the limits of the student and the goals of the teacher. Education is about being the best that one can be.